An orthopedic neurologist is a type of Doctor or surgeon who specializes in injuries to the knees, joints, spine, or ligaments and muscles. These injuries may have affected the nervous system as a whole, especially injuries to the spine or to the legs. Victims of car crashes and falls are often referred to an Orthopedic Neurologist. They are trained in the diagnosis and treatment of nervous system disorders, including diseases of the brain. Orthopedic Neurologists perform neurological examinations of the nerves of the head and neck; muscle strength and movement; balance, ambulation, and reflexes; and sensation, memory, speech, language, and other cognitive abilities that may have been affected through injury.