There are a number of different methods used to dispose and treat excreta and sewage, these methods include; wastewater by gravity, the STEP system and low pressure pumps. These methods are used in different circumstances and areas depending on which is the most suitable for that place.
• Wastewater by gravity - This sewage and excreta disposal method is not suitable for areas where pipeline excavation is difficult, e.g. There is rock or limited topographical relief. Gravity will not be sufficient to draw down the waste and it will instead need to be pumped through pipelines. Pipelines can range from pipes as small as six inches (150mm) to concrete lined tunnels as big as 30 feet (10 meters) in diameter.
• The STEP system - STEP stands for Septic Tank Effluent Pumping. This is a method that is commonly used in community sewage and excreta. Every home has a collection tank that is buried nearby. This collection tank is used to separate the solids from the liquids. The liquid portion will be pumped through a small pipeline to treatment downstream. As the waste stream is pressurized, pipes are laid just below the ground's surface.
• Low pressure pumps - Low pressure pumps and vacuums can also be used to dispose of sewage and excreta. A small grinder pump is located near to each point of collection. These points of collection are usually found near homes or businesses. This method uses differential atmospheric pressure systems in order to move the liquid to a vacuum station. These stations can service approximately 1,200 homes.
In order to choose the best excreta and sewage disposal method, researchers will consider commercial and industrial flows, the size of the population being served, flow peaking characteristics and wet weather flows. In some areas combined sewage systems are installed to deal with both sewage and storm runoff.
• Wastewater by gravity - This sewage and excreta disposal method is not suitable for areas where pipeline excavation is difficult, e.g. There is rock or limited topographical relief. Gravity will not be sufficient to draw down the waste and it will instead need to be pumped through pipelines. Pipelines can range from pipes as small as six inches (150mm) to concrete lined tunnels as big as 30 feet (10 meters) in diameter.
• The STEP system - STEP stands for Septic Tank Effluent Pumping. This is a method that is commonly used in community sewage and excreta. Every home has a collection tank that is buried nearby. This collection tank is used to separate the solids from the liquids. The liquid portion will be pumped through a small pipeline to treatment downstream. As the waste stream is pressurized, pipes are laid just below the ground's surface.
• Low pressure pumps - Low pressure pumps and vacuums can also be used to dispose of sewage and excreta. A small grinder pump is located near to each point of collection. These points of collection are usually found near homes or businesses. This method uses differential atmospheric pressure systems in order to move the liquid to a vacuum station. These stations can service approximately 1,200 homes.
In order to choose the best excreta and sewage disposal method, researchers will consider commercial and industrial flows, the size of the population being served, flow peaking characteristics and wet weather flows. In some areas combined sewage systems are installed to deal with both sewage and storm runoff.
